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Light Chains Heavy Chains
________________________________________________________
£^1 £^2 £^3 £\2 £`
Km G1m G2m G3m A2m Em
________________________________________________________________________
1 a,f n g1(g),g5,b0,b1,b3, 1 1
2 x,z b4b5,s,t,c3,c5,u,v 2
3_______________________________________________________________________
Numerical nomenclature for G1m:1=a,2=x,3=f,17=z; G2m: 23=n; G3m: 5=b1,6=c3,
10=b5,11=b0,13=b3,14=b4,15=s,16=t,21=g1(org),24=c5,26=u,27=v,28=g5
¦ÛDe Lange GG [8]²¤¥[קï
¡@¡@G1m¦³¥|ºØ²§«¬Åé¤À§O¬°G1m(a),G1m(x),G1m(f)¤ÎG1m(z)©R¦W¡A©Î¤]¥i¼g¦¨G1m(1)¡B
G1m(2)¡BG1m(3)¡BG1m(17)¡C¨ä¤¤G1m(f)¤ÎG1m(z)©ÎºÙG1m(3)¤ÎG1m(17)¤£¥i¯à¦b¦P¤@¤H
¨¤Wµo¥Í¡A¦]¬°¨âªÌ¦b£^1«Ãì¦P¤@®ò°ò»Ä(²Ä214)¤W¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡AG1m(f)¬OArginine
¦ÓG1m(z)¬OLysine¡CG3m¦³13ºØ¤£¦Pªº²§«¬Åé¡A¤À§O¬Ob1¡Bc3¡Bb5¡Bb0¡Bb3¡Bb4¡Bs¡B
t¡Bg1(©Î¥uºÙg)¡Bc5¡Bu¡Bv¡Bg5©Î¥H¼Æ¥Ø5¡B6¡B10¡B11¡B13¡B14¡B15¡B16¡B21¡B
24¡B26¡B27¡B28)©R¦W[8]¡CG2m¡BIgE¡BIgA¡B»´³J¥ÕÃì£e³£¥u¦³«Ü¤Öªº²§«¬Åé¡A
¹ï±Ú¸s¬ã¨s»ùȤ£°ª¡C©Ò¥H¥»¤å¥u°Q½×G1m¤ÎG3mªº¬ã¨s¦¨ªG¡C³o¤GºØ«Ã쪺²§«¬
Åé¦h¡A·|¦³«Ü¦h¤£¦Pªº²Õ¦X¡A¥Õ¤H¡B¶Â¤H¤ÎªF¤è¤H¦U¦³¬Û·í¤£¦Pªº²§«¬Åé²Õ¦X¤Î
ÀW²v[8]¡C¦bªF¤è¤H¤¤³Ì±`¨£ªº¦³¥|ºØ²Õ¦X¡A¨C¬ã ¨s¸ÕÅç¤èªk²¤¤£¦P¦Ó¦³¤£¦Pªº
¼gªk¦pªí¤G¡C
¡@¡@³o¨Ç§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õªº²§«¬Åé¤@¯ëªº¬ã¨sªÌ³£¬O¥Î¬õ¦å²y¾®¶°§í¨îªk (Hemaggluti-
nation Inhibition)¨Ó¸ÕÅç¡A¦ý¨CÓ¹êÅç«Çªº¤èªk²¤¦³¤£¦P¡A¥Îªº¦å²M¤]¤£§¹¥þ¬Û
¦P¡A¤@¯ëªº³ø§i³£¬O¥Î¦¹ªk§ä¥X¦U¸sÅ鲧«¬Å骺ªí²{«¬(phenotype)µM«á¦Apºâ¥X¬V
¦âÅ髬(haplotype)ªº°ò¦]ÀW²v¨Ó¤ñ¸û²§¦P ¡C
¡@¡@§Q¥Î³oºØ¤èªkºâ¥XÀW²v²§¦P¨Ó¬ã¨s±Ú¸s¦å½tÃö«Yªº¤å³¹¤£¤Ö¡C¹ïªF¤è¤H¡]»X
¥j±Ú¡^ªº¬ã¨s´N¦³¦n´X²Õ¬ã¨s¤Hû±q¨Æ¦¹¬ã¨s¡C¹ï¥xÆW¤Hªº¬ã¨s³£¬O¥~°ê¤H¨Ó¥x
ÆW¦¬¶°¦å²G¡A¦A°e¦^¬ü°ê¤Î¤é¥»¹êÅç«Ç¤ÀªR¡C¦]¦¦~¤¤°ê«Ê³¬¡A¤£©ö¥h¤¤°ê¤j³°
±Ä¶°¦å²G¼Ë¥»¡A¦³¨Ç¤¤°ê¤Hªº¬ã¨s¸ê®Æ¬O¥H¥X¥Í©ó¤¤°ê¦Ó¦b¥xÆWªº·s¦í¥Á¡]¾Ô«á
¨Ó¥x¡A©Ò¿×¥~¬Ù¤H¡B¤j³°¤H¡^ªº¦å²G¬°¹ï¶H¡C¤W®ü¿é¦å¬ã¨s©Ò«h¬O¦Û¤v°µªº¬ã¨s¡C
(¤T)¤èªk
¡@¡@¥ý¦b¹q¸£ºô¸ô¤åÄm¸ê®Æ®wªºMedline¤ÎBiologicalAbstract§ä¨ìMatsumoto©Ò
¦³¬ã¨s½×¤åªº²M³æ¡A§ä¥X¦³Ãö¥xÆW¥H¤Î¤¤°ê¤Î¨ä¥L¤@¨Ç¦³Ãö¦a¤èªº¬ã¨s¤å³¹¡A¦P
¼Ë¦a¦bMedline¤ÎBiologicalAbstractªº¯Á¤Þ¤¤¥i¦A§ä¨ì¨ä¥L§@ªÌ¦³Ãöªº³ø§i¡C
Y¦¹¦a¹Ï®ÑÀ]§ä¤£¨ìµn³o¨Ç½×¤åªºÂø»x¡A«h¥Ñ¤j¾Ç¹Ï®ÑÀ]¤ÎÂå°|¹Ï®Ñ«Çªº¯²É¤Î
´M§ä¸ê®Æ¿ì¤½«Ç¥hn¨ìì³ø§iªº¼v¦L¥»¡Cµoªí©ó¤¤°êªº¤¤¤å½×¤å¤]¤£Ãø¦¬¶°¨ì¡C
¡@¡@¤¤°ê»¯®äZµ¥[5,6]¥H¤Î¤é¥»Matsumoto[4]ªº¸ê®Æ¼Æ¾Ú«Ü¦h¡A¤£¯à¤@¤@Âà¸ü¡C
¥»¤åº¥ý¥u¦C¥X¦³¥xÆW¤H±Ú¸s¼Æ¾Úªº³ø§i(ªí¤T)¤Î¤ñ¸û¨â³ø§i¤¤¦³¦P¤@¦a°Ï¬ã¨s
½Õ¬dµ²ªGªº¼Æ¾Ú(ªí¥|)¡CµM«á¨Ì¾Ú¦a¹Ï[15]¡A°£±¼¥H¤U·|´£¤Î¦³©úÅãµ{«×¤£¦P¦³
¥Õ¤H¦å²Îªº¦U±Ú¤Î¦è«n³¡ÂäHªº¸sÅé¥~¡A¥H½n«×¨C¤«×¬°¤@¦a±a¡A±N»¯®äZµ¥¤Î
Matsumoto¦U¸sÅ骺¼Æ¾Ú¤À§O¥§¡°_¨Ó¦Cªí¦bªí¤¡Cªí¤»¬O¥t¤@²Õ¥Dn¬ã¨s¥xÆW
·s ¦í¥Á ¦b¤£¦P¤¤°ê ¦a°Ï¥X¥ÍªÌªº¥§¡¼Æ¾Ú¡C
ªí¤G: ¤£¦P¬ã¨sªÌ¹ï¦PG-§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦Xªº¤£¦P¼gªk
___________________________________________________________________________________
Matsumoto* DeLange et al^ Schanfield et al# Zhao et al** Tran et al^^
____________________________________________________________________________________
Gm(ag) Gm(zag) Gm(ag) Gm(1,21) Gm(1,17,21)
Gm(ab3st) Gm(zab0b3b5st) Gm(abst) Gm(1) Gm(1,17,10,11,13,15)
Gm(axg) Gm(zaxg) Gm(axg) Gm(1,2,21) Gm(1,2,17,21)
Gm(afb1b3) Gm(afb) Gm(afb) Gm(1,3,5) Gm(1,2,5,10,11,13,14)
____________________________________________________________________________________
* ±q¤åÄm[ 4], ^ [9], # [10], ** [ 5,6] , ^^ [11]
ªí ¤T ¥xÆW¤HG-§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XªºÀW²v
________________________________________________________________________
Groups Gm(ag)1,21 Gm(ab3st)1 Gm(axg)1,2,21 Gm(afb1b3)1,3,5
By Nakajima/Ohkura#{Gm1# --- Gm1,2# Gm1,5#}
Ami 0.055 --- 0.007 0.938
Atyal 0.159 --- 0.008 0.834
Bunun 0.081 --- 0.034 0.885
Paiwan 0.199 --- 0.101 0.701
“ Han” 0.221 --- 0.057 0.722
By Matsumoto*
Atyal 0.155 0.000 0.023 0.821
Bunun 0.226 0.000 0.034 0.740
Paiwan 0.207 0.002 0.042 0.762
“ Han” 0.222 0.047 0.087 0.643
By Schanfield^
“ Han” 0.220 0.046 0.086 0.649
__________________________________________________________________
# Nakajima & Ohkura [12]; * Matsumoto H etal [13,14];
^Schanfield MS et al [10]
ªí¥|: ¦P¦a°Ï¤£¦P½Õ¬dG-§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XªºÀW²v
_______________________________________________________________________
Groups Gm1,21(ag) Gm1(ab3st) Gm1,2,21(axg) Gm1,3,5(afb1b3)
«¢º¸»« 0.441*/0.421^ 0.113/0.139 0.210/0.211 0.236/0.229
ªø¬K 0.471/0.405 0.089/0.120 0.219/0.203 0.221/0.280
¤j³s 0.384/0.370 0.094/0.128 0.266/0.210 0.256/0.292
¦è¦w 0.405/0.381 0.113/0.161 0.183/0.180 0.299/0.278
¦XªÎ 0.416/0.356 0.084/0.116 0.172/0.169 0.328/0.380
ªZº~ 0.290/0.182 0.055/0.202 0.131/0.116 0.524/0.500
0.289 # 0.078 0.131 0.502
ºÖ¦{ 0.188/0.184 0.043/0.139 0.077/0.083 0.692/0.595
ªø¨F 0.204/0.216 0.054/0.118 0.066/0.058 0.676/0.608
¦¨³£ 0.168/0.168 0.048/0.145 0.078/0.066 0.706/0.621
¶Q¶§ 0.226/0.178 0.043/0.177 0.085/0.054 0.646/0.591
¼s¦{ 0.183/0.096 0.033/0.124 0.054/0.039 0.730/0.741
_______________________________________________________________________
* From Matsumoto H[4] / ^ Zhao TM et al [5,6]; # DeLange GG et al [9]
ªí¤: ¤¤°ê¤H¦U¸sÅé«ö·Ó½n«×ªºG-§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XÀW²v
________________________________________________________________________________________
Groups Gm1,21(ag) Gm1(ab3st) Gm1,2,21(axg) Gm1,3,5(afb1b3)
»¯®äZµ¥ªº¸ê®Æ¤¤¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¤Îº~ ¤H[±q°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm5,6]
¥_½n 45o ¥H¥_ (3) 0.449 0.225 0.169 0.156
¥_½n 40-45 o (8) 0.450 0.148 0.157 0.228
¥_½n 35-40 o (10) 0.394 0.155 0.203 0.248
¥_½n 30-35 o (18) 0.310 0.148 0.154 0.388
¥_½n 25-30 o (20) 0.174 0.112 0.087 0.628
¥_½n 25 o ¥H«n (8) 0.107 0.143 0.046 0.704
»¯®äZµ¥ªº¸ê®Æ¤¤º~¤H¦Ó¤w[±q°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm5,6]
¥_½n 40 o ¥H¥_ (2) 0.413 0.126 0.207 0.255
¥_½n 35-40 o (7) 0.394 0.158 0.202 0.247
¥_½n 30-35 o (17) 0.313 0.148 0.156 0.382
¥_½n 25-30 o (13) 0.208 0.131 0.106 0.555
¥_½n 25o ¥H«n (5) 0.148 0.123 0.056 0.673
ªQ¥»ªº¸ê®Æ[±q°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm4]
ªF¥_¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú (3) 0.419 0.309 0.147 0.125
¥_½n >40 o, º~¤H (3) 0.459 0.095 0.222 0.224
¥_½n 35-40 o, º~¤H (3) 0.414 0.109 0.223 0.253
¥_½n 30-35 o, º~¤H (6) 0.334 0.080 0.148 0.438
¥_½n <30 o, º~¤H (4) 0.200 0.043 0.071 0.686
µØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú (4) 0.053 0.018 0.009 0.921
______________________________________________________________________________________
¬A¸¹¤º¬O¤å¤¤¦U½n«×±a¤ºªº¸sÅé¼Æ¥Ø¡A¦U½n«×±a¤ºªºÀW²v¬O³o¨Ç¸sÅ骺¥§¡
ªí¤»: ½Õ¬d¥xÆW 줤°ê¥X¥Í©~¥ÁªºG-§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XªºÀW²v
_________________________________________________________________________________
Groups* Gm1,21(ag) Gm1(ab3st) Gm1,2,21(axg) Gm1,3,5(afb1b3)
North 0.550 0.120 0.100 0.356
Central 0.329 0.067 0.180 0.423
South-Central 0.250 0.080 0.110 0.550
South 0.117 0.040 0.040 0.803
__________________________________________________________________________________
From Shanfield MS et al [reference 10]
* South includes Kuantung, Kuangsi and Yunan;
South-Central includes Chekiang, Chiangsi, Fukien and Hunan;
Central includes Anhui, Chiangsu, Honan, Hupei, and Suchuan;
North incudes Hopei, Shansi, Shantung, Shensi and Liaoning¡]¨Ìì¤å«÷µ¡^
¡@¡@ªí¤C¬O±N»¯®äZµ¥[5,6]¸sÅ餤¡A±N¡u¤¤ì¡v©Î¡uªe¬¥¡vªº¦a°Ï(¥Û®a²ø¡B¤Óì¡B
¬¥¶§¡B¦è¦w¡B¦w¶§¡B°ªªô)¤ÎµØ«nªº¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú(ÂU¡B]¡B¥¬¥ì¡B¤ô¡BÚ®¡B»ò¨Ð¡B§§¡B
˾¡B¨Ê)¦UºØ²§«¬Åé¤ÎÀW²v¦C¥X¤Î¨ä¥§¡¡Cªí¤K¦C¥XMatsumotoªº¼Æ¾Ú[4]¤¤¡u¤¤ì¡v
¦a°Ïªº¦è¦w¤Î¥_¨Ê¤ÎµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Úªº]¡B¥¬¨Ì¡B¤ô¤Î§§±Ú¡Cªí¤C¡B¤Kªº¼Æ¾Ú¦b°Q
½×¤¤·|»¡©ú¬O¥Î¨Ópºâªí¤EµØ«n¤Î¥xÆWªºº~¤H¥i¯à¦³¦h¤ÖµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¡B¡u¤¤ì
¤H¡v¤Î¥xÆWì¦í¥Áªº¡u¦¨¤À¡v¡C¹Ï¤@¬O±N»¯®äZµ¥ì¤å[5,6]®Ú¾ÚNei¤ó¤½¦¡ªk±NGm
²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XÀW²v¨Ópºâ¿ò¶Ç¶ZÂ÷©Òøªº¨t²Î¾ð¡A¦¹¹Ï¦C¥XµØ¤¤µØ«n32Ó¸sÅ骺³¡
¥÷¡A¨Ã¦bì¹Ï¥[¤W¸sÅé¦W¥N´Àì¤åªº¸sÅé¥N¸¹¡A¸û©ö²M·¡¤F¸Ñ¦U¸sÅé¦å½tÃö«Y¡C
ªí¤C: µØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¡BµØ«n º~¤H¤Î¡u¤¤ì¤H¡vªºG§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XªºÀW²v
________________________________________________________________________________
Groups Gm1,21(ag) Gm1(ab3st) Gm1,2,21(axg) Gm1,3,5(afb1b3)
¡u¤¤ì¤H¡v 0.382 0.172 0.188 0.257
¥Û®a²ø 0.438 0.175 0.149 0.239
¤Óì 0.426 0.148 0.170 0.256
¬¥¶§ 0.394 0.136 0.188 0.283
¦è¦w 0.381 0.161 0.180 0.278
¦w¶§ 0.300 0.223 0.230 0.248
°Óªô 0.355 0.189 0.216 0.240
µØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú 0.074 0.097 0.030 0.788
ÂU 0.198 0.092 0.080 0.630
] 0.091 0.007 0.027 0.875
¥¬¨Ì 0.061 0.084 0.017 0.838
¤ô 0.039 0.035 0.004 0.921
Ú® 0.111 0.088 0.047 0.754
»ò¨Ð 0.022 0.178 0.033 0.767
§§ 0.036 0.192 0.000 0.772
˾ 0.046 0.139 0.005 0.811
¨Ê 0.062 0.060 0.057 0.725
µØ«nº~¤H
ºÖ¦{ 0.184 0.139 0.083 0.595
·Hªù¡] ºÖ¦Ñ ¤H¡^0.211 0.085 0.058 0.646
±ö¿¤¡]«È®a¤H¡^ 0.118 0.138 0.027 0.717
¼s¦{¡]¼sªF¤H¡^ 0.096 0.124 0.039 0.741
______________________________________________________________________________
From Zhao TM et al [references 5,6]
ªí¤K: Matsumoto½Õ¬d¤¤°êº~¤H¡B µØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¡B¤Î¥xÆWº~¤H¡Bì¦í¥Áªº
G-§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦XªºÀW²v
__________________________________________________________________________________
Groups Gm(ag) Gm(ab3st) Gm(axg) Gm(afb1b3)
µØ¥_¡u¤¤ì¤H¡v 0.417 0.115 0.199 0.270
¦è¦w 0.405 0.113 0.183 0.299
¥_¨Ê 0.428 0.117 0.214 0.241
µØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú 0.053 0.018 0.009 0.921
Miao(]) 0.095 0.015 0.015 0.875
Puyi(¥¬¨Ì) 0.061 0.014 0.010 0.914
Shui(¤ô) 0.039 0.019 0.005 0.952
Chuang(§§) 0.036 0.022 0.005 0.942
µØ«nº~¤H 0.186 0.038 0.066 0.711
ºÖ¦{ 0.183 0.043 0.077 0.692
¼s¦{ 0.188 0.033 0.054 0.730
¥xÆW
º~¤H 0.222 0.087 0.047 0.643
ì¦í¥Á 0.194 0.042 0.002 0.762
__________________________________________________________________________________
From Matsumoto H [reference 4]
(¥|)µ²ªG¤Î°Q½×
¡@¡@ªF¤è¤H¡]»X¥j±Ú¡^ªºGm¥Dn¦³¥|ºØ²§«¬Åé²Õ¦X¡A¨C¬ã¨s²Õ©Ò´ú©w²§«¬Åé¼Æ¥Ø
¤£¤@¡A·íµM·|¦³¨Ç¤£¦Pªºµ²ªG¡C¦´ÁªºNakajima¤ÎOhkura¥u¦C¥X¤TºØ²Õ¦Xªº°ò¦]
ÀW²v(ªí¤T)¡CªF¤è¤H°£¤F³o¥|²Õ¥~¡A¨ä¥L³£¬O·¥¨u¨£ªº²Õ¦X¡A¥þ³¡·¥¨u¨£ªº²Õ¦X
¥[°_¨Ó³£¤£¶W¹L0.5¢H¡C¨ä¥LºØ±Ú¦p¥Õ¤H¤Î¶Â¤H«h¥t¦³¨ä¥LºØ²Õ¦X[8]¡C
¡@¡@¥Ñ©ó¨C¤@¬ã¨s«Ç¥Î¤£¦P¼Æ¥Øªº§ÜÅé¦å²M¡A©Ò¦³¦å²M¤S¬O¤£¦P¨Ó·½¡A¨ä¥L©Ò´ú
©wªº²§«¬Å餣¤Ó¬Û¦P¡A°£¤F¤¤°ê»¯®äZµ¥[5,6]¨º²Õ¥~¡A¨ä¥Lªº¬ã¨s³ø§i¦b¦P¤@¦a
°Ï³£¦³·¥¬Û¦üªºµ²ªG¡A¦pªí¥|ªZº~¦a°Ï Matsumoto [4]¤ÎDeLange et al[9]ªºµ²ªG ¡A
ªí¤T¥xÆWº~¤HMatsumoto[4]¤ÎShanfield et al[10]ªºµ²ªG ³£·¥Ãþ¦ü©Î´X¥G¤@¼Ë¡C
±N»¯®äZµ¥[5,6]ªºµ²ªG¸ò¨ä¥L¬ã¨s²Õ¤ñ¸û·|µo²{¡A¥L̪ºGm1(¬J¨ä¥L¬ã
¨sºÙªºGmab3st)ªº²§ «¬Åé²Õ¦XÀW ²v¡A¤×¨ä¦bµØ«n¦a°Ï³£¸ûMatsumoto[4]¤ÎDelange
et al[9]°ª±o¦h¡A³o¥i¯à¬O¥Ñ©ó»¯®äZµ¥¦¹²Õ¦X¥u¥Î¤@ºØªº¦å²M¡AY¨ä¥L²Õ¦Xªº
§ÜÅé¤ÏÀ³¸û®z¡A¥i¯à³Ì«á³£·|Âk¨ì¦¹²Õ¦X¤¤¡C»¯®äZµ¥ªº¼Æ¾Ú¤£¯à¸ò¨ä¥L¤H²V¦X
¤ñ¸û¡C¦ý¥L̦³¤H¼Æ³Ì¦h¡B¸sÅé³Ì¼sªº¼Æ¾Ú¡A¥i¤ÀªR´£¨Ñ¦³»ùȪº°Q½×¡C¶¶«K¤@
´£¡AÁö¤£¦b¦¹°Q½×¡Aºû§^º¸¡B«¢ÂħJ¡BªF¶m±Ú¤Î¤@¨Ç¦^¤H¦³©úÅãµ{«×¤£¦Pªº¥Õ¤H
ªº¦å·½¡A¥L̦³Gm3,5©ÎºÙGm(fb)ªº²§«¬Åé[5,6]¡C
¡@¡@ªí¤T¥i¬Ý¥X¥xÆWªºº~¤H»Pì¦í¥Á¦³¨Ç®t§O¡Aì¦í¥Á¤§¶¡¤]¦³¨Ç¤£¦P¡A¥xÆW
ì¦í¥Á¸òµØ«nªº¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¶¡¤]¦³¬Û·íªº®t§O(ªí¤K)¡A¦Ó¥xÆWº~¤H¸òµØ«nªºº~¤H¤]
¬Û·í¤£¦P(ªí¤K)¡C±q¹Ï¤@¥i¬Ý¥X±ö¿¤«È®a¤H¡A¦å½t¤W³Ì¿Ëªñªº¬O¼s¦{ªºº~¤H¡A¨ä
¦¸¦b®ý¦¿´º¹çªºÚ®¤H¡A¦A¦¸¬O¬h¦{ªºº~¤H¡A¦A¦¸¬O»ò¨Ð¡B§§±Ú¡B˾±Ú¤Î¨Ê±Ú¡A
µM«á¬O]¤H¡B¥¬¨Ì¤Î¤ô±Ú¡C±ö¿¤¤Ï¸òµy»·¨Çªºº~¤H¦p¦b·Hªù¡Bªø¨F¡B¶Q¶§¡BºÖ¦{
µ¥µ¥¸û²¨»·¡C¦A¦p·Hªù¦a°ÏªººÖ¦Ñ¤H¸ò¦è©÷ÂU¤H¤Î»à¶§º~¤H³Ì¿Ë¡A¨ä¦¸¦A¬Oªþªñ
¦a°Ï¡A¦pªø¨F¡B¶Q¶§¡B¦ÂÀY¡B©y¬K¡BºÖ¦{¡B¦¨³£¤Î«¼yªºº~¤H ¡C
¡@¡@©Ò¦³ªº¬ã¨s¤£ºÞ¬O¤¤°êªº»¯®äZµ¥[5,6]¡B¬ü°ê ªºSchanfield et al[10]©Î¤é
¥»ªºMatsumoto[4]³£¦³¤@¼Ëªºµ²½×¡AªF¤è¤H(»X¥j±Ú¡B¶ÀºØ¤H)«Ü©úÅã¦a¤À¬°«n¥_
¨â¤jÃþ«¬¡A«n¨È¤j±Ú¸s¦³°ªÀW²vªºGm1, 3, 5©ÎºÙGm(afb1b3)¡A¥_¨È¤j±Ú¸s«h¦³°ª
ÀW²vªºGm1,21©ÎºÙGm(ag)¡C¤¤°ê¤H¤]¤@¼Ë¦³«n¡B¥_¨âÓ¤£¦P°_·½ ªºµ²½×¡C
¡@¡@³oºØ°²»¡¥i¦A¥Îªí¤¡Bªí¤»¨Ó¦õÃÒ¡Aªí¤¥Ñ¥i¬Ý¥X¬Oº~¤H»P§_¡A¨ÃµL¬Æºò
n¡A·U«nªºGm1,3,5ÀW²v·U°ª¡B·U¥_ªºGm1,21·U°ª¡CµØ«nº~¤H¸òµØ«nªº¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¦³
¸û¬Ûªñªº¦å½tÃö«Y¡AµØ«nº~¤H¥i¯à¥Dn¬OµØ«n¡uì¦í¥Á¡v±Ú¥[¤W¸û¤Ö¦¨¤ÀªºµØ¥_
¡u¤¤ì¤H(ªe¬¥¤H)¡vªº«á¸Ç¡C¥Ø«eµØ«nªº¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±ÚÀ³¬O¥¼º~¤Æªº¡uì¦í¥Á¡v¡AY
¦A°²©w¥Ø«eµØ¥_ªº¡u¤¤ì¤H¡v¸ò±q«e«n¾E«eªº¡u¤¤ì¤H¡v¦³¦P¼ËªºÀW²v¡A§ÚÌ¥i
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ªFªº«È®a¤H¡A¥u¦³ºÖ¦{¡B¼s¦{ªº¼Æ¾Ú¡C±q»¯®äZµ¥[5,6]ªº¼Æ¾Ú¬Ý¨Ó¡AºÖ¦Ñ¤Î«È
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ªº¤º²[¡R±q§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬Åé¬Ý¨ÓµØ«nº~¤H¬O·½¦ÛµØ«nªº¡uì¦í¥Á¡v¦¨¤À»·¤ñ
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¡u¤¤ì¤H¡vªº¦¨¤À¡C¦ýY²Ó¬ÝµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¤Î¥xÆWì¦í¥Áªº¦UºØÀW²v¤]³\´N¥i
¤F¸Ñ¨äì¦]¡AµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¤§Gm(ag)¤ÎGm(ab3st)¤ñ¥xÆWì¦í¥Á§C±o¦h¡A¦ýGm(afb1b3)
¤ÎGm(axg)¤ñ¥xÆWì¦í¥Á°ª¡C
¡@¡@«Ü¥i¯à¥H«eè²¾¥Á¥xÆWªºº~¤H¸òµØ«n·í®Éªºº~¤H¦³¬Û¦PªºµØ«n¡uì¦í¥Á¡v
¤ÎµØ¥_¡u¤¤ì¤H¡vªº¦¨¤À¡C¦ý³o´Á¶¡¦b¥xÆWì¦í¥Áº¥º¥º~¤Æ¡Aì¦í¥Áªº°ò¦]·»
¤J¨ì²{¦b¥xÆWº~¤H¤¤¡A¦P®É¶¡¯d¦b¤¤°êªºº~¤H¤]±µ¨ü¤F§ó¦hÄ~Äòº~¤ÆªºµØ«n¡uì
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¤H¦U±Ú¸sªº¦¨¤À¡CYS=µØ«n¡uì¦í¥Á¡vªº¦¨¤À¡AN=µØ¥_¡u¤¤ì¤H¡vªº¦¨¥÷¡A¥x
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¡@¡@¡@¡@0.222¡×0.053xS + 0.417xN + 0.194x (1¡ÐS¡ÐN)
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¸s¦¨¤Àªº¦Ê¤À¤ñ¼Æ¦rn¤p¤ß¸ÑŪ¡A¦]¬°¥xÆWªºì¦í¥Á¦³¤£¦P±Ú¸s¡A¦U±Ú¸s¶¡®t
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µå¿}¤»ÁC»Ä¥h²B»Ã¯À¬Ý¥xÆW±Ú¸sªº¦å½t¡v[16]¤@¤å´N«ü¥X¡A¥xÆWº~¤H¦³10%¥H¤W
¥u¦³¥xÆWº~¤H¦³¡A¦Ó¤¤°êµØ«nº~¤H¤Î¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¨S¦³ªº¬ðÅÜÅé¡A³o¬ðÅÜÅéÅãµM¨Ó¦Û
¥xÆWªºì¦í¥Á¡A¦]¬°³oºØ¬ðÅÜÅé¦b¥xÆWì¦í¥Á¤Îµá«ß»«¤H¤£¤Ö¡C¥xÆWº~¤H¥Dnªº
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¸ò«n¤èº~¤HÃþ»E¡A¦Ó¥_¤èº~¤H«h»P¥_¤è»X¡Bº¡¡BÂûE¬°¤@Ãþ¡C³¯¥ú©M[19]¥Î¤¤°êªº
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¤J«IªÌ³Q±µ¨ü¡A¦h¼Æì¦í¥Á¤Ï³Q¦P¤Æ(º~¤Æ)¦Ó³à¥¢¦Û¤vªº»{¦P¡C¥xÆW[20]¤Î¤¤°ê[18,
19]HLAªº¸ê®Æ³£¤@¼ËÅã¥Üº~¤H¦³¨â°_·½¡CªLº¿§Qµ¥[21]³Ìªñ¤ÀªR¥xÆW¤H¦U±Ú¸sHLA¡A
¥LÌ ±Àºâ¥X«È®a¤ÎºÖ¦Ñ¥xÆW¤H¦³13%¥xÆWì¦í¥Á¦å²Î¡C
¡@¡@¨ä¥L¥Íª«¾Ç¸ê®Æ¥Î«Ü¦h¤£¦PHLA¡B»Ã¯À¡B³J¥Õ½è¥H¤Î¨ä¥L¥Íª«¾Ç¸ê®Æ¤ÀªR¡A
Cavili-Sforzaµ¥¤T¤Hªº¥¨µÛ¡qThe History and Geography of Human Genes¡r[22]
¤]«Ü©úÅã«ü¥X¨È¬w¤H¥]¬A¤¤°ê¤Hªºº~¤H¦³«n¥_¨â°_·½¡C³ÌªñChu et al[23]¥Î
Microsatellites¬ã¨sDNA¡A¤]¦³Ãþ¦ü«n¥_¨â°_·½ªºµ²½× ¡C
±q¾ú¥v¸ê®Æ¡B»y¨¥¾Ç¤ÎªÀ·|¾Ç½Õ¬d¨Ó¤ÀªR¡A¤wº¥º¥¦h½×µÛ±j½ÕµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ
¥Á±Ú¬OµØ«nº~¤Hªº¤@¤j¨Ó·½¡A¦Ó¥xÆWì¦í¥Á¤]º¥³Q»{¦P¬O¬O¥xÆWºÖ¦Ñ¤Î«È®a¤H¯ª
¥ý¤§¤@³¡¤À¡AÁöµM¤´¦³¨ì©³¦¨¤À¦³¦h¤Öªºª§½×¡C³Ìªñ°ê»Ú¤W¤×¨ä±q»y¨¥¾Ç¤W¡A«Ü
¦h¤H°Q½×¥xÆWì¦í¥Á¥i¯à¬O«n®q¥Á±Úªº°_·½¦a¡A¥Ñ¥xÆW¤À´Á²¾¦V¤Ó¥¬v¦U®qÀ¬[24,
25]¡A§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õªº²§«¬Åé¬ã¨s¤]¦³¨Ç¸ê®Æ¥i¯à¥i¥H¦õµý¡C³o¨Ç¤H¤å¸ê®Æªº¤ÀªR¥H
¤Î¥xÆWì¦í¥Áªº¨Ó·½¤ÎÂX´²µ¥ªº°ÝÃD¡A«D¥»¤ån±´°Qªº¡Aµ¥¥H«á¸ê®Æ¦¬¶°±o§ó¦h¡A
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¦¨¤À¸û¤Ö¡C¥xÆWªººÖ¦Ñ¤Î«È®a¤H³£¦³¨Ç¤S¤£«Ü¤Öªº¥xÆWì¦í¥Áªº¦å²Î¡A«È®a¸òºÖ
¦Ñ¥xÆW¤H¯ª¥ý¤G¡B¤T¦Ê¦~¨Ó±q»Ô«n¡B¸fªF²¾¥Á¨ì¥x¡A´Á¶¡¥xÆWì¦í¥Á¯ª¥ýº¥º¥º~
¤Æ·»¤J¬°ºÖ¦Ñ«È®a¤H¡A¥Ñ©ó¨Ó¦Û¤¤°êªº²¾¥Á¤H¼Æ¥iÆ[¡A¥xÆWì¦í¥Á¯ª¥ý¦¨¤À¸û¤Ö¡C
¦P¤@®É¶¡¤º¡A§ó¦hªºµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú¡]ì¦í¥Á¡^Ä~Äòº~¤Æ¦¨º~¤H¡A¨ä¦å²Î¤]¤@¼Ë·»
¤JµØ«nªºº~¤H¤¤¡A¥Ñ©ó¥xÆWì¦í¥Á»PµØ«n¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú§K¬Ì²y³J¥Õ²§«¬ÅéÀW²vªº¤£¦P¡A
©Ò¥H¾É¦ÜµØ«n¤Î¥xÆWº~¤HªºÀW²v¤]¦³®t²§¡C
¡] §@ªÌ«D±`·PÁ¦¨¥\¤j¾ÇÂå¾Ç°|¤p¨à¬ì¤p¨à§K¬Ì¾Ç®aÁ©_¼ýÂå®vªº·N¨£¤ÎÀ°¦£¡^
¡]¤»¡^°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm
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