TAIWANESE HAKKA:
CULTURE AND LANGUAGE IN TAIWAN

	All pronunciation of Honsii (Han characters) will be pronounced 
according to Hakka Taiwanese using Taiwanese Language Phonetic
Alphabets (TLPA) except for those are well established words such Taiwan, 
Kwangtung etc. However, when a reference is cited, the author's original 
format is used.  Mandarin may be included in the parenthesis using Wade
system.
Link to Hakka Taiwanese Section (Big-5 Font required):
Link to: HAKKA TAIWANESE SPECCIAL PUBLICATION 客 台 語 專 刊 各 期
Link to:TAIWANESE HAKKA 台 灣 客 家 (ENGLISH) 
Link to:HAKKA TAIWANESE RESOURCES 客 台 語 資 料 庫 
Link to:HAKKA TAIWANESE HAKKA CULURE  台 灣 客 家 文 化 專 刊  
Link to:TAIWANESE MEDICAL HISTORY  台 灣 醫 學 史 專 刊  
Link to: TAIWAN RELATED ARTICLES  台 灣 專 刊  
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Link to: 書目錄
 Content
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT HAKKA
MODERN BIOLOGICAL STUDIES  	
CULTURE AND LANGUAGE OF HAKKA IN TAIWAN
	  Characters about Hakka
	  Culture
	  Language
 HISTORY OF HAKKA IN TAIWAN

I)CHARACTERS ABOUT HAKKA
	The Encarda encyclopedia also said "They differ from the Chinese in
dress and customs and they speak a distinct dialect related to those of
southern China."  In the words of the author, it seems taht the Hakka are 
not Chinese.  This encyclopedia also said " the Hakka are a thrifty, industrious 
people, chiefly agricultural ". 

	The two other encyclopedia mentioned above also emphasize the 
difference between Hakka and Chinese such as "A close-knit people with 
their own distinctive customs and dialect, the Hakka have never been 
completely assimilated into Chinese society.--- they maintained their 
cultural solidarity, intermarrying rarely with other Chinese and refusing to 
practice such customs as the foot-binding of women." (American Encyclopedia)
Encyclopedia Britannica also said "-- the Hakka never became fully 
assimilated into the native population.---an extremely industrious, shrewd 
people, the Hakka tend to be very clannish."

	Because I don't know Hakka elsewhere that much at all, I will 
discuss Hakka in Taiwan only. The above discussion about the special 
characters of Hakka is certainly much less prominent in Taiwanese Hakka in
the modern era. More detail discussion about Hakka in Taiwan is in next 
chapter.
II) CULTURE (TO BE COMPLETED)
III) LANGUAGE ( TO BE COMPLETED)
 
HISTORY OF HAKKA IN TAIWAN


{to be continued} update on 1/10/98     Albert Chu