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NATPA, ST. LOUIS CHAPTER, P.O. BOX 22, CHESTERFIELD MO 63006

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(yung Thoivan Kaufi yim-pheu, Hoi-liuk khiong) Kiu ngiet chhu kiu he Fam lo sin-sang kiu-sip soi sang-ngit, chhion-chhun kai thai-se lo-yu,chhion-phu loi vui lia-vui tet-ko mong-chhung kai lo-ngin-ka khin-chuk, thai-ka fon-fon hi-hi phan- chok loi kiung-fo Fam lo sin-sang kai sang ngit. Kai ngit, songvuk kai suk-pho ta chhi-pa, ha-vuk kai pakme sat-mang no pan-yian, cho fung-pan,thai sim-khiu chun-phi chu mien- sien,ngiam fung-lon, thai chhu:-ka tu siau mi-mi, thai-ngin se- chu:,nui-nui ngoi-ngoi,yu mo-han yu fong-hi, sit-chhai nau-ngiet. Tong-ngit chhiang chhun-song chui ngien chong kai chhun- chong loi vui Fan-kung kong chuk-chhu:. Ki kong “ Fam lo sin-sang cho-ngin chung-sit, sin-chhin vun- fo, kai-sin ngang-chhit, tui ngin sin-khen, pong chhu khiung-khu, chhin yu oi-sim, he en-teu Po-san chhun kai thai ka-chong. Kim pu-ngit,enteu m tang oi thoi ki fon-hi,nang-ngoi yit fong- mien enteu oi na Fam lo sin-sang ko-hi kai ngin kiet cho tien-fam. Khiung-thung loi fat-yiong enteu Hakka ngin sat-mang khiun-khiam, ngiet-sim kung-yit kai Hakka chin-sin. Chhun-chong kong thet, thai-ka phok-siu,khiung-ha teu-hi chiu-pui chuk-fo Fam lo sin-sang chhong-miang fu-kui,ngien-ngien khien-khong.(Loi chhu: Sinchuk Yan Mu-ngi Kau-chhoi,Hak-ngi thuk- pun, º~¦rª©¥»½Ð¬Ý¸}¤U¡^

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